Transnational public-private partnerships (PPPs) reflect the fact that ‘modern governance is – and according to many, should be – dispersed across multiple centers of authority’ (Hooghe and Marks 2003, p. 233). The transnational PPPs that we focus on constitute a MLG II type of governance (see Section 24.2), in which non-state actors co-govern along with state actors for the provision of collective goods and adopt governance functions that have formerly been the sole authority of sovereign states. Seen from this angle, transnational PPPs are a prime example of a multi-level governance structure – even more, if we account for the fact that the literature on multi-level governance points not only to the vertical dispersion of central government authority to actors located at other territorial levels but also horizontally, to non-state actors (Bache and Flinders 2004, p. 4). The GAVI Alliance, for instance, is a global health partnership that aims at saving ‘children’s lives and protect people’s health by increasing access to immunisation in poor countries.’2 The PPP includes governments, international organizations, foundations, civil society organizations and vaccine manufacturers, which accomplish different functions at multiple levels to ensure that the immunization coverage in developing countries increases. While the overall steering of the alliance is accomplished at the transnational level through a partnership board and a secretariat, the implementation of the country programs is done through public-private networks, and...